Sample population demographics by goal-striving stress (GSS) levels, JHS (2000–2004)
| Variable | Entire cohort (n=2630) | Low GSS (n=979) | Moderate GSS (n=944) | High GSS (n=707) | P value |
| RKFD (%) | 193 (7.34) | 70 (7.15) | 61 (6.46) | 62 (8.77) | 0.1972 |
| eGFRvisit1 (mean±SD) | 98.25±17.40 | 93.35±16.61 | 98.76±16.63 | 102.96±18.22 | <0.001* |
| eGFRvisit3 (mean±SD) | 88.40±21.06 | 84.17±19.89 | 89.19±20.70 | 93.20±21.97 | <0.001* |
| eGFRvisit3–eGFRvisit1 (mean±SD) | −9.85±15.32 | −10.17±15.11 | −9.57±14.61 | −9.76±16.48 | 0.6369 |
| GSS (mean±SD) | 3.80±4.88 | 0.25±0.43 | 2.89±0.89 | 9.96±5.55 | <0.001* |
| Age (mean±SD) | 53.28±11.53 | 58.04±10.58 | 52.15±10.79 | 48.21±11.23 | <0.001* |
| Females (%) | 1646 (62.59) | 613 (62.61) | 560 (59.32) | 473 (66.90) | 0.007* |
| Attended college (%) | 1874 (71.25) | 655 (66.91) | 708 (75.00) | 511 (72.28) | <0.001* |
| Current smoker (%) | 291 (11.06) | 83 (8.48) | 97 (10.28) | 111 (15.70) | <0.001* |
| Use alcohol (%) | 1305 (49.62) | 440 (44.94) | 477 (50.53) | 388 (54.88) | 0.002* |
| Poor physical activity health (%) | 1152 (43.80) | 472 (48.21) | 393 (41.63) | 287 (40.59) | 0.002* |
| Obese (%) | 1422 (54.07) | 535 (54.65) | 492 (52.12) | 395 (55.87) | 0.1419 |
| Hypertension (%) | 452 (17.19) | 199 (20.33) | 155 (16.42) | 98 (13.86) | <0.001* |
| Diabetes (%) | 461 (17.53) | 201 (20.53) | 150 (15.89) | 110 (15.56) | <0.001* |
| Cardiovascular disease history (%) | 163 (6.20) | 82 (8.38) | 42 (4.45) | 32 (4.53) | 0.001* |
| Discrimination (1–4) (mean±SD) | 2.35±0.76 | 2.26±0.79 | 2.33±0.74 | 2.49±0.74 | <0.001* |
P values were calculated using χ2 and Kruskal-Wallis tests as appropriate.
*Significant p values.
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; JHS, Jackson Heart Study; RKFD, rapid kidney function decline.