Abstract 436 Table 1

Studies comparing the effects of high flow oxygen vs. control on hospital stay, PICU admission, and intubation

1 st author, year, location	Type of study	Were the 2 groups comparable in severity?	PICU admission or intubation in control	PICU admission or intubation in HFNC	p-value for PICU/Intubation	LOS in control	LOS in HFNC	p-value LOS	Limitation

Kepreotes, E. 2017. Newcastle, Australia.	Randomised Controlled	Yes	12/101 (12%)*	14/101 (14%)	0.41*	2 d	2 d	0.99	Excluded patients with with baseline oxygen saturation of<90%
Mayfield, S. 2014. Brisbane, Australia.	Prospective with retrospective controls	Yes	10/33 (31%)*	8/61 (13%)	0.043*	92 hours	92 hours	0.6	-Used retrospective controls -Patients in control with O2 saturation of
Reise, J. 2017. Providence, Rhode Island.	Retrospective Study	No	12/936 (1.3%)^†	15/1001 (1.5%)	0.70^†	2 d	1 d	0.001	-Used retrospective controls before hospital-wide initiation of HFNC -More severe disease in HFNC group based on billing codes
Milani, G. 2016. Milan, Italy.	Prospective	Yes	2/20 (10%)*	2/20 (10%)	NS	9 d	6 d	<0.005	2 patients in each group were transferred to PICU and excluded from analysis